The mid layer, whether it's a polar fleece or an insulated jacket, is fundamental to the outdoor layering system. It provides warmth. We'll explain the different types and which to choose for each occasion.
The mid layer, essential for winter mountain activities. Photo: Rab Equipment
The Outdoor Layering System
Any mountaineer or person who carries out outdoor activities in unfavorable conditions needs protection from the elements (low temperatures, wind, rain, snow.)
That is to say: they need to be warm and dry. And the latter is not only achieved by preventing rain, snow, etc. from getting in, but also by ensuring that our sweat get out and does not keep us soaked.
Looking for a solution to this problem, the three-layer system was created:
- A third outer layer that is waterproof (to prevent rain, wind and snow from passing inside) and breathable (so that moisture caused by sweat escapes to the outside).
- A second mid layer whose mission is to provide warmth
- And a first base layer against to the skin whose mission is to wick moisture away from the body, and in some cases, cooperate with heat retention with the second layer.
The Importance of the Mid Layer
Since its main mission in the system is to retain valuable body heat, the mid layer is essential in winter and cold conditions.
The creation of the layer system was due to the invention of polar fiber. It is no coincidence: finding a very light fabric, with superior heat capacity, quick drying, low volume and good breathability, revolutionized outdoor clothing.
Until then, either warm wool inner layers (sweaters) were worn, which - in some cases - could be very bulky and heavy, or the outer layer had thick padding. This last option was especially not very versatile.
After their invention, for several decades, polar fleeces were the kings of the mid layer. But this, as we will see, has changed.
TYPES OF MID LAYER
1. Polar Fleece
This material, generally made of PET, was developed by Malden Mills (now Polartec) as a substitute for wool. Holders of the patent rights decided not to exercise them, so it can be found from multiple manufacturers and qualities.
However, outside of daily use, technical mountain equipment brands tend to rely almost entirely on Polartec fiber for their polar garments, both because of its enormous quality and because it is manufactured from recycled cans and plastic containers, and It is considered a material of great ecological benefit.
1.1 Classic Fleeces
It is normally manufactured in different weights: 100, 200, 300, 400 (100 grams, 200 grams, etc.). The higher the number, the thicket and more heat capacity.
Its virtues are innumerable, with an exceptional heat/weight ratio.
They have been the kings of the mid layers for several decades; However, its more technical use has been very restricted due to the appearance of new materials that have allowed new combinations of the layering system. These new combinations and garments, mainly with insulation, are more agile, and the truth is that today it is difficult to see a classic thick fleece in technical mountain activity.
The North Face 100 Glacier FZ for women
Due to their comfort, they continue to be used massively for down time, hiking, trekking, everyday life, etc., but in mountaineering, mountaineering, etc., this other type of garment is increasingly preferred, which we will see later.
With two exceptions: the thinner fleeces already seen (also called microfleeces, as a low-volume warm inner layer, extremely light and agile), and the Powerstrech.
1.2 Elastic fleeces, Powerstrech
They are elastic fleece. Very comfortable and agile. The thinnest ones were born as a thick base layer, and are very effective.
The most classic material is Polartec Powerstretch, highlighting in recent times the PowerGrid or Power Dry from Polartec, although many brands have their own, of similar quality and performance.
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Polar fleece for men in Barrabes
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